Multiple turret switch



y 22, 1962 H. LEKNOVICH ET AL 3,036,181

MULTIPLE TURRE'I SWITCH Filed March 21, 1961 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 FIG. 1.

FIG. 2. ,HL

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9O 92\ REG I 05L 3 g 1| X ,x l0 INVENTORS 4. 8 z HENRY LEKNOVICH Q3 3 m 5 '4 4 5 DONALD s. RADMACHER XIO AGENT y 22, 1962 H. LEKNOVICH ET AL 3,036,181

MULTIPLE TURRET SWITCH Filed March 21, 1961 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 FIG. 3.

INVENTORS HENRY LEKNOVICH DONALD S. RADMACHER AGENT United States Patent Ofilice 3,936,181 Patented May 22, 1962 .fornia Filed Mar. 21, 1961, Ser. No. 97,193 19 lairns. (Cl. Nil-153) Our invention relates ot coaxial electrical devices and particularly to a multiple arrangement for switching coaxial elements.

The pull-turn-push type of device for switching coaxial circuits has been widerly employed in radio frequency apparatus. It is exemplified by US. Patent No. 2,643,294, issued on June 23, 1953, to I. W. Shaw, for an Adjustable Coaxial Attenuator Assembly.

However, the art has subsequently found need for handling more than the single circuit through the Shaw attenuator turret, or for handling multiple circuits required to be connected thereto. These situations have required a large plurality of coaxial connectors, often as many as thirteen, and coaxial switches, as many as four, to accomplish a radio frequency input connection, selectable attenuation, calibration injection, and distribution of radio frequency energy to a selected one of a few amplifiers. Of this multiplicity of connectors and switches, some of the connectors have been of the right angle type, which type causes a standing wave ratio for the apparatus greater than is desired. At other times a multiplicity of whole turret devices have been employed, but this is wasteful of money, weight and space.

We have been able, by departing from the prior art, to reduce the number of connectors to three (instead of 13) and these are of the preferred straight-through type. Only one attenuator turret is required and a simplified and eflicient calibration connection is provided. No additional coaxial switches are required, either manual or electrically driven.

Furthermore, by employing an additional turret-likestructure, or sector, in coactive relation to the Shaw type turret and with calibrating connection means we have been able to greatly enhance the operating flexibility of devices of this type. For example, we provide 48 separate modes of connection for a six element turret.

These examples characterize the novel capabilities of our device and suggest other applications, as will become apparent later.

Briefly, these capabilities have been attained by providing a straight-through initial coaxial connector, translatable relative to the Shaw turret. Mechanical means place the operating knob or equivalent off-center of the turret and so allow space for the straight-through connector. At the rear of the turret we provide an arcuate assembly, or sector, of coaxial connectors or the like, which selectively receive coaxial connection from the turret. Additionally, there is a further coaxial means associated with calibrating energy or the equivalent and any of the coaxial connectors of the arcuate assembly can be connected thereto by manipulating a second pull-turnpush type of operating control. In an alternate embodiment, the calibration function is accomplished by mechanical and electrical contact of a special coaxial element of the Shaw turret with a radially disposed stationary connector.

An object of our invention is to provide a coaxial element turret switch having a low standing wave ratio.

Another object is to provide a wide variety of coaxial connections between circuit entities while employing a minimum of connectors.

Another object is to provide plural coactive pull-turnpush turret devices having fewer parts than those employed in a mere repetitive plurality.

Another object is to provide effective means for selectively introducing a particular signal, such as a calibrating signal, to any group of circuits.

Other objects will become apparent upon reading the following detailed specification and upon examining the accompanying drawings, in which are set forth by way of illustration and example certain embodiments of our invention.

FIG. 1 shows a perspective view of a typical embodiment of our invention,

FIG. 2 shows a plan view of the same with the switch in the open position,

FIG. 3 shows a side elevation of the same with the switch in the closed position,

FIG. 4 shows a sectional plan view of an alternate embodiment of our invention,

FIG. 5 shows a fragmentary end elevation view of an alternate embodiment of a calibrating connection, and

'FIG. 6 shows a front panel view of a typical embodiment having to do with the manipulation of the knobs.

In FIG. 1 the frame of our device consists of a front plate 1, a bottom plate 2, a right rear plate '3 and a left rear plate 4. In the center of the front plate a coaxial connector 5 is disposed within a slide bearing 6 to allow easy axial translation of the connector. The so-called Shaw turret is generally indicated at 7. A pull-turn-push knob 8 actuates this turret through shaft 9.

An arcuate assembly or sector 10 carries plural coaxial connectors, as 11, arranged in an arc and positioned circumferentially to connect to either the rear of a selectable coaxial element of the Shaw turret or to an additional coaxial connector 12, typically employed for the intro duction of a calibrating signal.

A second knob 14 is attached to shaft 15 and provides a pull-turn-push actuation of the arcuate assembly. Connector 12 is mounted upon slidably arranged plate 16, the same being translated by either (and both) knobs 8 and 14. Further structure cannot be seen in FIG. 1, but will be described in connection with subsequent figures.

While a number of applications of our device have been indicated, a typical one involves its use at the radio frequency input of a multiple band fieldstrength meter. In this application the antenna connection is made to coaxial connector 5. Turret 7 carries a number of coaxial elements, each having a different degree of attenuation, as is necessary or desirable in fieldstrength measurements. To coaxial connector 12 is connected a source of calibration signal. 'Each of the coaxial connectors 11 are connected to a separate radio frequency amplifier. It is thus seen that our device enables an input signal, the fieldstrength of which is to be measured, to be introduced at connector 5. A measured attenuation commensurate with the strength of the incoming signal is introduced by the operator by switching-in the appropriate attenuator element of turret 7. The appropriate radio frequency amplifier for the frequency of the incoming signal is connected to the rear of the selected attenuator element by manipulation of arcuate assembly 11 through knob 14.

It will be understood that each radio frequency amplifier is normally followed by an individual or a common group of elements comprising a superheterodyne radio receiver and that the gain thereof must be standardized for accurate fieldstrength measurements to be made. Accordingly, as a separate step in the measurement, the appropriate radio frequency amplifier, et seq., is standardized in gain by the shift of the arcuate assembly connector connecting thereto to the calibrating connector 12 and suitable gain adjustments performed, as is known to those skilled in the art. Without reciting the very much more involved switching and cabling arrangements of the prior art, it will be seen that we have provided very simple, convenient and efiicient means for accomplishing circuit handling of this type. t

The mechanical aspects of our switch are further detailed in FIG. 2. Chief among these is slidable plate 1-8. This carries the rear of input coaxial connector 5 and also translates turret 7 through a lost motion arrangement.

Also carried by plate 18 are three gear means 22, 23 and 24. As shown, these are pinions 22 and 24, identical innumber of teeth, and idler gear 23. This provides a one-to-one ratio between the knob shaft 9 and shaft 25 of the turret. 7

Plate 18 is fastened longitudinally to both shafts 9 and 15, so that these shafts are free to rotate therein, but that when either shaft is translated the plate and the other shaf are also translated. This is accomplished by slotted spring washers 26 and 27, which fit into small circumferential slots inshafts 9 and 15, respectively.

It will be noted that plate 16 is rigidly attached to plate 18 by struts 28 and 29, which form the ends of a box-like structure of these elements. Thus, plate 16 moves with plate 18 and so calibration connector 12 moves in translation with input connector 5. Plate 16 has a rearward offset at the center in order to appropriately position connector 12 with respect to the several coaxial connectors 11 of arcuate assembly 10.

The several mating coaxial connectors are formed with one connector having a thin split male shell and the other having a female receiving cylindrical opening, i.e., as .11 and 12, respectively.

In FIG. 2 all of the connectors are shown in the disengaged position; that is, the longitudinal separation between mating coaxial connectors is a maximum and there is not an electrical connection between the known inner conductors of the coaxial connectors, nor between the outer tubular conductors, which are seen. In this position either the turret 7 or the arcuate assembly assembly 10 can be rotated to any circumferential position.

Referring to FIG. 1, a detent mechanism for the arcuate assembly may most easily be seen. It is comprised of detent arm 31 having roller 32. Plate 10 has a V slot between each connector 11. A spring urges arm 31 into each of these slots as the arcuate assembly is rotated and so the operator easily discerns when the assembly is in a connectable position. 1

In a similar arrangement detent 30 rolls between the coaxial (attenuator) elements of turret 7 for the same purpose. For details of this detent the reader is referred to the Shaw patent previously mentioned.

In operating our switching device, the operator pulls out on knob 8 or knob 14 to efiect a circuit change. This first translates coaxial connector 5 out of a previously selected coaxial element of turret 7 and translates connector 12 out of a selected connector 11. The connection of connectors 11 and 12 are not complete, except in one position of the turret assembly 7; that is, the location of connector 12 is further back from the mating line of connectors 11 than the line of connectors on turret 7. On

turret 7 one coaxial element does not perform attenuain the characteristitc impedance which matches the characteristic impedance identified with the signal. Furthermore, this coaxial element effectively shields connector 5, so that an undesired signal cannot leak out into space and so be detected by any subsequent'amplifying device located beyond connector 11. The end opposite connector 5, which would normally mate with a connector 11, is merely an open hole, such that a connector 11 does not impede translation of turret 7.

As shown in FIG. 6, there are identifying positions for turret 7, generally identified as 90, upon a front panel 91, which fits in front of front plate 1; and also for sector 1t),

. frontconnector 33 is link 42.

generally identified as 92. Note that knob 8 has but one index mark 93, while knob 14 has two, 94 and 95.

Any one of connectors 11 can be so rotated as to mate with an element of turret 7, or with connector 12. When the particular connector 11 is engaged with an element of turret 7, except for the terminating element, the identifying scale in combination with index 93 is read to determine the attenuation. The upper scale of 92 is read in combination with upper index 94 on knob 14 to determine the particular connector 11 that is engaged.

When the previously described terminating element is in the conned-table position the scale and index of knob 8 reads CALQ for the calibrating position, and knob 14 is rotated so that a particular connector 11 is indicated on the bottom or CAL scale of knob 14. With the knobs in this position, engagement of the particular connector 11 and connector 12 is made upon forward translation of knobs 8 or 14. However, since the terminating element of turret 7 does not impede translation of turret 7 or connector 12, translation of this combined assembly is completed upon full engagement of connectors 11 and 12.

The closed aspect of our device is shown in the side elevation view of FIG. 3. By comparing this with FIG. 2 it will be noted that knob 8, shaft 9 and plate 18 are rearward in FIG. 3 of the position shown in FIG. 2. Since connector 5 is attached toplate 18, this connector is thus coaxially engaged with a selected coaxial electrical element of Shaw turret 7; namely, the one at the rear of the turret as the turret is shown in FIG. 3. Likewise, electrical connection and mechanical mating is established between the selected coaxial element and an aligned connector of arcuate assembly 10; that is, connector 11', the lowest of the group of such connectors 11.

Both shafts 9 and 15 have flat portions so that rotation of knobs 8 and 14 results in turrets 7 and 10, respectively, to revolve. The flat upon shaft 9 is long, so that the turret can float? longitudinally for a distance equal to that required to disengage the turret from front connector 5 by the latter continuing to move forward while the turret remains behind for the last part of the pull of the knob. This now well known lost motion action is accomplished by a counterbore of the sleeve surrounding shaft 25 in the center of turret 7 ,and a C washer attached to shaft 25, as is detailed in the Shaw patent previously mentioned.

In order that subsequent connection can be made to our switch, we normally employ a flexible coaxial cable fromeach of the rear of coaxial connectors 11, 11 to the particular items of apparatus involved, such as separate radio frequency amplifiers. A nominal distance thereto allows mechanical flexibility of the cables so that arcuate assembly 10 can be rotated approximately 90 as required for circuit selection. 7

FIG. 4 shows an alternate embodiment of our invention in sectional plan and in a larger scale. In this embodiment the initial coaxial connector 33 is stationary on the front panel 34 of the frame of the device and both the Shaw turret 35 and the arcuate assembly 36 move back from panel 3 4 when a change in selection of the elements thereof is to be accomplished.

In addition to the front panel, the frame in this embodiment also consists of a bot-tom plate 37, a support 38 for the rear of shaft 39 and a support 40 for the rear of shaft 41 and associated gear elements.

The principal element making possible the stationary 7 It is centrally pivoted to the frame about pin 43 and it serves to reverse the motion of translation of knobs 44, 45 for turret 35 and arcuate assembly 36, It is desirable that the knobs be in the in position during the connected position of our device, since this is the position in which the apparatus is in use and any accidental motion on the part of the operator is unlikely to cause disconnection and consequent inoperation.

However, turret 35 and arcuate assembly 36 must be rearward of the front connector 33 and of each other and so the pull motion of translation for effecting a switching change must be reversed in direction to properly actuate the mechanism. When the knobs are pulled out (from the front panel 34) link 42 rotates clockwise, as is indicated by the arrows. Both knobs are translated when either knob is given an effective translative force because of the common connection of tie bar 46. This bar has simple bearings at each end enabling either shaft 39 or 41 to be independently rota-ted, but has collars 47, 48 backing to enlargements near the ends of the shafts so that the bar and the two shafts translate as a uni-t. In the same way, collars 49, Sti restrict the pull translation to a necessary and sufficient amplitude.

Shaft 41, when rotated by knob 45, causes turret 35 to be rotated. This occurs through the gear train enclosed by support 40 and frame 490:. Shaft 41 has a spline or D configuration as indicated by line 41a, with a mating hole in pinion 51. This allows shaft 4-1 to translate through pinion 51 without disturbing the mesh of gears 51, 52, 53.

Idler gear 52 meshes with pinion 51 and is interposed principally to provide front panel spacing between knob 45 and connector 33. A larger pinion 53 is pinned to shaft 54. This shaft also carries turret 35. The larger pinion requires less than normal force to be exerted upon knob 45 to turn the turret but requires more than a whole turn of knob 45 to fully turn the turret. The positions of pinions 51 and 53 may be interchanged, in which case less than a whole turn of knob 45 is required. Both pinions may also be made the same diameter, with a one-to-one correspondence between knob and turret rotation.

Detent means such as those previously shown at 30 in FIGS. 1 and 2 are preferably provided, but have not been shown in FIG. 4. Similarly, indicator means upon the turret proper that are visible through front panel 34 may be employed, particularly for a ratio other than one between knob 45 and turret 35. These are known and so have been shown.

Similarly, but in a direction coupled manner, knob 44 and shaft 39 rotate arcuate assembly 36 because of pin 57. Translationally, link 42 is rotated because of the slot in the link that is indicated by the dotted line and the dotted part of shaft 39 engaging that shaft and collars 49 and 5S transmitting the translational force from the shaft to the link.

A vertically disposed slot 59 in the opposite end of the link engages pin 60, which pin is secured in non-rotative shaft 61. The latter may be square, D-shaped, etc., with elongated bearing 62 appropriately shaped to prevent rotation of the shaft. At the end of shaft 61 away from bearing 62 a projection 63 bears against both the spider proper 64 of turret 35 and projection 65 of arcuate assembly 36. A second projection 66 is also a part of shaft 61 and this causes assembly 36 to be positively translated in either direction of motion by shaft 61. Spider 64 is a sliding fit upon its shaft 54 and a spline or D shaft configuration indicated by dotted line 54a is provided to insure rotation of the turret by knob 45.

It has been stated that our device is shown in the disconnected position in FIG. 4. When the operator has selected the desired element of turret 35, as 55, and the desired connector 67 of arcuate assembly 36, as is shown, he then pushes inwardly upon both or either of knobs 44, 45. This causes a counter-clockwise rotation of link 42.. Assembly 36 is translated to the right along with shaft 61 because of projection 66. However, turret 35 remains in the position shown until the forward part of connector 67 mechanically engages the rear part of coaxial element 55, after which the turret is also forwardly translated. This continues, resulting in the forward part of element 55 engaging the rear of connector 33. When the knobs have been pushed fully inwardly, both of the coaxial malefemale connections have been fully made and our device is ready for electrical operation.

Only one connector 67 is shown in FIG. 4 because of the sectional view of this figure. It will be understood that several such connectors may be made a part of the arcuate assembly as was shown in the earlier figures. In fact, in any of the figures the arcuate assembly may extend around to a full circumference as to the coaxial connectors and so become similar to turret 35 in this regard.

In addition to connector 67 in FIG. 4, a coaxial cable 68 is attached in order to convey the switched electrical energy to subsequent apparatus. This cable is preferably of the flexible type, of which several are known. According to our invention a further coaxial element such as 55 maybe interposed between connector 67 and cable 68. This is typically an attenuator or filter unit, particularly when high overall attenuation is desired. It is more effective to employ two 30 db attenuator units in series, for example, than to attempt to fabricate and use one 60 db such unit. It will be realized that tie bar 46 can be made in an arcuate shape to avoid mechanical interference with cables 68 and/or additional elements 55-. Also, the calibration connector means 12 of FIGS. 1-3 may be employed in FIG. 4, but this is not shown because of the sectional view of the latter figure.

We have found it feasible to form a calibration con nection, or the like, in our multiple switch to coact with a particularly fabricated element of the Shaw turret rather than to a connector of the 'arcuate assembly. This alternate construction is shown in FIG. 5 in fragmentary end elevation, showing essentially only the turret and the particular element with the radial connector thereto. The latter two elements are shown in section. This alternate embodiment is described with reference to FIGS. 1-3, as will be noted by the identification of turret 7 and D shaft 25, but the embodiment may be employed with our device of FIG. 4.

Element 73 in FIG. 5 is the front retaining ring and element 74 is the front spider of an improved turret according to the application for US. patent of co-inventor Leknovich, filed upon November 7, 1960, Serial No. 67,847. Element 75 indicates the single disk at the rear of the turret. Both disks may be fabricated in one piece rather than one circumferentially split and thus according to the original Shaw patent if this is desired.

The several coaxial elements 76 are employed inthe turret as before. Coaxial element 77 is the special one, having a radially positioned hollow coaxial extension 78; This extension is normally positioned in the center of element 77, longitudinally, but it may have any longitudinal position depending upon the nature of the electrical components within the element or upon the mechanical requirements of the rest of the switch. In any event, a stationary coaxial section 79 is positioned opposite to extension 78. The two extensions make mechanical and electrical contact upon turret 7 being rotated to the position shown, but section 79 does not make contact with any of the rest of the coaxial elements, such as elements 76, because the latter lack extensions. Section 79* is resiliently mounted with respect to the stationary frame of the whole switch, so that proper mechanical and electrical contact can be established between it and the extension 78 as the turret is rotated into position and while it is in position. In FIG. 5 this is shown schematically by spring 80 bearing against frame 81.

An inner coaxial conductor 82. is provided in the usual way within section 79. This is spring loaded, independently of the outer cylindrical part 79 to prevent electrical short, in'such a manner that conductor 82. bears against a button termination 86 of the inner conductor of special coaxial element 77. It is to be understood that both of these spring-loading arrangements have restricted radial travel so that the elements so loaded will not mechanically obstruct the rotation of turret 7.

One desirable electrical circuit for special coaxial element 77 consists of a resistor 84 connecting between the inner and the outer coaxial connection at the forward end of element 77, so that the incoming electrical energy, such as radio frequency energy from an antenna, is terminated in its characteristic impedance, plus a coaxial inner conductor 85, which connects from button 83 to the rear inner connection of element 77 and thus to the rest of the circuit, as to a radio frequency amplifier. This arrangement provides low cross-talk between the separate entities involved. This property may be enhanced by providing a shield between the forward and the rear parts of element 77, this conveniently being composed of a radial disk type resistor for resistor 84.

It will be appreciated that certain further embodiments and varied conditions of construction may be imposed in accordance with our invention.

For frequencies in the kilomegacycle region the several coaxial elements described may instead be tubes or Waveguides, i.e., hollow tubes without center conductors, including tubes with rectangular cross-sections.

Rather than knobs for manual operation, solenoids may be employed for translating shafts 3-9, 41, etc. and either step type or servo controlled motors employed to rotate them.

In a manner similar to that employed for detent 30,

' previously referred to, spring 69 provides resilience for the sector detent assembly 31, 32 (FIG. 2).

Translatable coaxial connector 5 is preferably surrounded by a bronze bushing, as indicated at 6.

A positive drive link type chain may replace the gear trains, such as gear train 5-1-53 of FIG. 4.

The male and female ends of the coaxial connectors may be interchanged.

Only the combination of a two-turret assembly has been illustrated. It will be understood that three, four and more turret assemblies can be fabricated by merely adding the further turrets in sequence behind one another according to the showing of this invention. The illustrations show What may be termed a convenient size of our defined device for instrumentation use. Since it is known that desired coaxial impedances can be maintained regardless of the gross physical size of the coaxial elements it is seen that our device may be made very much smaller for miniaturization applications and much larger for transmitter power applications.

Still other modifications may be made in the arrangement of parts, proportions, and shapes of the embodiments and in the characteristics and coactive relations of the electrical aspects thereof without departing from the scope of our invention. 7

Having thus fully described our invention and the manner in which it is to be practiced, We claim:

1 A coaxial switch comprising a straight-through coaxial connector, a rotatable coaxial element turret, a rotatable arcuate assembly of plural straight-through coaxial connectors, operative rotational means to rotate said turret disposed parallel to the axis'thereof and spaced therefrom further operative rotational means to rotate said assembly, also disposed parallel to the axis of said turret, spaced therefrom and coaxial with said arcuate assembly, and

V translative means attached to at least one of said operative rotational means to eifect coaxial electrical connection between said straight-through coaxial connector, a selected element of said turret, and' a selected straight-through coaxial connector of said arcuate assembly. I i

2 An electrical switch comprising aligned straightthrough tubular connector, rotatable tubular element turret, and an arcuate assembly of plural straight-through tubular connectors, means 'to successively translate said straight-through connector and said rotatable turret away from said arcuate assembly to allow rotation of said rotatable turret and said arcuate assembly for selective switching ther cbetween, rotational means to rotate said turret and further rotational means to rotate said arcuate assembly, both of said rotational means mechanically connected to said-means to successively translate for the actuation of said means to translate by either of said rotational means.

3. A coaxial switch comprising a straight-through coaxial connector, a rotatable coaxial element turret, an arcuate assembly of plural straight-through coaxial connectors, means to successively translate said straightthrough connector and said rotatable turret away from said arcuate assembly to allow rotation of said rotatable turret and of said arcuate assembly for selective switching of the coaxial elements of said turret and the straightthrough connectors of said assembly, means-to-rotate said rotatable turret, and means-to-rotate said arcuate assembly, both of said means-to-rotate connected to said means to successively translate for the actuation of said means to translate by either of said means-to-rotate.

4. A coaxial device comprising a turret having plural coaxial electrical elements, said turret journaled for rotation, an electrical connector translatably disposed to connect to a coaxial element of said turret, first operative means to rotate said turret, an assembly having plural coaxial connectors, said assembly journaled for rotation, second operative means to rotate said assembly, and translational means connected to said electrical connector, to said turret and to said assembly to establish coaxial electrical connection from said electrical connector, through said turret to said assembly, selectable as to one of the coaxial elements of said turret and as to one of the plurality of coaxial connectors of said assembly.

5. A multiple coaxial switch comprising a frame, a turret assembly having plural coaxial electrical elements, said turret assembly journaled in said frame, said turret assembly having a first rotative means, a coaxial connector translatably disposed to connect to a selectable coaxial element of said turret, first operative means to rotate said turret assembly attached to said rotative means, an arcuate assembly journaled for rotation and having plural coaxial connectors, second operative means to rotate said arcuate assembly, first translative means coactive with said first operative means to translate said coaxial connector and said turret assembly for electrical contact between said coaxial connector, a selected coaxial element of said turret and a selected coaxial connector of said arcuate assembly, and second translative means coactive with said second operative means to allow selective connection of a said coaxial connector of said arcuate assembly to a selected coaxial element of said turret.

6. A multiple rotary coaxial cable switch comprising a frame, a turret assembly having plural circularly arranged coaxial electrical elements, said turret assembly journaled in said frame and having a first gear element, a straightthrough coaxial connector translatable in said frame and disposedto connect to a selectable coaxial element of said turret, a second gear element in mesh with said first gear element, a third gear element in mesh with said second gear element, first operative means to rotate said turret assembly attached to said'third gear element, an arcuate assembly having plural straight-through coaxial connectors disposed in an are, said arcuate assembly journaled in said frame at the center of said arc, second operative means to rotate 'said arcuate assembly, said second operative means spaced from said first operative means, first translative means coactive with said first operative means to successively translate said straight-through coaxial connector and said turret assembly for electrical contact between said straight-through coaxial connector, a selected coaxial element of said turret and a selected straight-through coaxial connector of said arcuate assembly, and second translative means coactive with said second operative means to allow selective connection of a said straightthrough coaxial connector of said arcuate assembly to a selected coaxial element of said turret.

7. A'multiple switch comprising a turret having plural tubular electrical elements, first means to revolve said turret, a'first tubular electrical connector, a sector having plural tubular connectors disposed in an arc, second means to revolve said sector, said first and said second means translatable, a translatable rod, a link having a central pivot, said link disposed with respect to said second means to translate said rod upon said second means being translated, said rod disposed to mechanically engage said sector upon said rod being translated to translate said sector, said rod furthermore bearing upon said turret to translate said turret, said link proportioned to successively connect a said element of said turret to said first connector and a connector of said sector to the same said element of said turret upon said second means being fully translated.

8. A multiple coaxial switch comprising a revolvable turret having plural coaxial electrical elements, first means to revolve said turret, a stationary first coaxial connector, a revolvable arcuate assembly having plural coaxial connectors disposed in an arc, second means to revolve said arcuate assembly, said first and said second means axially translatable, an axially translatable rod having a double boss, a link having a central pivot, said link disposed with respect to said second means to turn about said pivot upon said second means being translated and to axially translate said rod, said double boss disposed to mechanically engage said arcuate assembly upon said rod being translated to translate said arcuate assembly, said double boss furthermore bearing upon said turret to translate said turret,

said link proportioned to successively connect an element of said turret to said first connector and a connector of said arcuate assembly to the same said element of said turret upon said second means being fully translated.

9. A coaxial switch comprising a revolvable turret having plural coaxial electrical elements, connectors aligned with a selectable position of one of said coaxial electrical elements at opposite ends of said turret, means to elfect relative translation of said connectors and said turret to make electrical connection between said connectors and the coaxial element in said selectable position, at least one said coaxial element having a radially outward lateral projection, an electrical connection extending from said projection to the inner connection of said coaxial element, a further connector disposed radially outward with respect to said projection at a selectable position of said turret to electrically and mechanically contact said projection.

10. A coaxial switch comprising a frame, a turret having plural circularly arranged coaxial electrical elements, said turret journaled for rotation in said frame, coaxial connectors aligned with a selectable position of one of said coaxial electrical elements at opposite ends of said turret, means to translate said coaxial connectors and said turret relative one to the other to effect electrical connection between said coaxial connectors and the coaxial element in said selectable position, one said coaxial element having a lateral projection in the central body thereof, said coaxial element positioned in said turret to place said projection radially outward, an inner electrical connection extending from said projection to only one end of said coaxial element for connection to a said coaxial connector thereat, an electrical termination separately connected to the other end of said coaxial element to terminate the circuit connecting to the said coaxial connector positioned thereat, a further coaxial connector connected to said frame and disposed radially outward from said projection at a selectable position of revolution of said turret to connect electrically to said projection, and resilient means coactive with said further coaxial connector to form a mechanical and electrical contact between said further coaxial connector and said projection.

Davis Oct. 21, 1947 Stankey Nov. 24, 1953 

